Can you please help me understand how to do it the right way? :)
Trying to make glass can:
You may do it fast using the inset tool.
Add a circle with 72 vertices- set it in a Tool Shelf (T).
Extrude it inwards (E) and add two edge loops (Ctrl+R). Select the whole face loop with Alt+RMB, then press I twice and set the inset's scale. Finally extrude the inseted faces upwards, add addictional loopcut in the middle and rotate it a bit (R).
Add a subsurf modifier (Ctrl+3 in Object Mode). Lower the middle loopcut a bit. Press Ctrl+Numpad+ to increase the selection area. Press Shift+E to crease it. Finally add a smooth shading and recalculate normals if needed (Ctrl+N).
A possibility to do that is to start from the base shape, add an array modifier then a simple deform modifier to make a circle:
The base shape is not really readable on your schema but I try to make something close and to show the principle, in two steps:
Base shape
Add a square with some modeling. Here I use I to inset, AltE to extrude individual faces, S to scale. All using "individual origins" as pivot point.
Adding the modifiers
We use first an array modifier, set it around to 32 steps as this is often the setup for a circle. We adjust the offset so that the array is joint and check 'merge' to avoid doubled vertices between the duplicated parts.
Then add a "simple deform" modifier, set to "bend" with a base of 360° that we'll can adjust to close the circle.
The bottom of the bottle
Add a subdivision surface modifier to check the smooth aspect and if the look is the one you want.
Apply the two first modifiers (array and simple deform).
Close the shape by removing the doubled vertices at the junction.
Extrude and scale ES.
That could be close to want you want (?) but even if this example is less detailed than what you need, it already has many vertices:
Optimization
To optimize it, we will merge three base parts and reduce the geometry around:
We begin by decomposing the array. From 32, we go to 3 x 10 (for instance). Then adjust the offset.
We now have a base of three shapes:
On each side, from the 4 border vertices, we make so that only two are on the border:
Now, do the same as for the first model: apply the modifiers, remove doubles:
We have "tris" here. We'll remove it by selecting one edge, the all the others by similarity (ShiftG) then dissolve X them:
So that, we have a base bottle with the same level of detail for the flanges but lower for the bottle itself:
The result:
another example: