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I created a basic rainbow gradient background in cycles with the colour ramp set to constant. With the standard camera this appears as expected.

But when I switch to orthographic camera I only get one colour.

I can tweak the Z location in a mapping node to move the gradient around and the changes are represented on a glossy Suzanne correctly. but the background is only one colour, at a time.

I change the position of the colour ramp stops and even using 6 decimals points of precision can not get more than one colour to appear on the background at a time.

I get that the orthographic camera is flattening the background and causing a greatly reduced angle of view but should I be able to set up the background to to be a very small colour ramp rainbow?

I also thought about using the compositor, but found the images in this answer to low-res to read. How to create a gradient backround in the compositor?

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    $\begingroup$ Orthographic camera means 0degree angle so the camera can only show one pixel (the smallest unit) of the background. Compositor seems the way to go for your desired effect $\endgroup$
    – Bruno
    Commented Mar 9, 2018 at 11:29
  • $\begingroup$ that makes perfect sense, now you have said it. Please post as the answer and I give you the vote. I did manage to muddle through the blurry screenshots to use a Texture gradient as the compositor background. $\endgroup$
    – rob
    Commented Mar 9, 2018 at 12:58
  • $\begingroup$ Glad it helped and glad to comply! Cheers $\endgroup$
    – Bruno
    Commented Mar 9, 2018 at 13:06

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Orthographic camera means 0 degree angle, so, the camera can only show one pixel (the smallest unit) of the background. Compositor seems the way to go for your desired effect.

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